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A compact disc, sometimes referred to as a CD, is an optical digital medium that can hold various types of data, including documents, audio, photos, and video. Understanding the bacterial load in stored CD plates is crucial to ensuring the longevity and integrity of CDs. This study determined the impact of temperature and relative humidity on bacteria load of stored CD plates at different locations (laboratory, lecture theatre and office). Thirty-six (36) CD plates were purchased and positioned at these different locations (as opened, closed with perforations and burnt with short video clips and opened). Temperature and relative humidity were monitored with thermometer and hygrometer, while bacterial count and identification were based on standard procedures for four weeks. Results obtained showed a fluctuation in temperature every week, but generally within the range of room temperature (30°C - 37°C) conversely, relative humidity increased weekly in the studied locations. Bacteria counts of all CD plates studied increased with increase in humidity with time. Bacteria isolated from studied CD plates were Bacillus mycoides, Pseudomonads aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus pumilus, Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescans. Conclusively, relative humidity had a positive correlation with bacteria load of the studies CD plate, while temperature had little effect on bacterial counts.

Pediatric ocular trauma is a significant public health concern, with potential long-term consequences on vision and quality of life. This study was aimed at investigating the severity and management of pediatric ocular injuries in Sapele, Delta State. A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the clinical record of pediatric patients that presented to Central Hospital within January 1st, 2020 to October 1st, 2024. A total of 223 patients, males 139 (62.3%) and females 84 (37.7%), were found to have pediatric ocular injury with a mean age of 11.46 ± 4.7. The moscommon type of injury sustained was the closed globe injury (76.1%) followed by open globe injury (6.7%) while thermal injury (1.8%) was the least frequently seen. Injuries were found to be caused by physical assault (14.4%), broomsticks (6.3%) and even self-inflicted (5.3%). The cornea was the most affected structure (57.4%) by pediatric ocular injury. An initial visual acuityof 6/6 was recorded (22.6%) for a good percentage of the patients that were compliant. Therewas a statistically significant relationship between the initial visual acuity and the cause of injury(p<0.05). Majority of pediatric ocular injuries (87.9%) that presented to the hospital wermanaged medically. Corneal ulcer was the most common (n=77) diagnosis of pediatric patientsthat visited the hospital and it took an average of one week to heal. More than half of thepediatric patients had mild injuries (57.8%). Chi-square test was used to determine if there wassignificant relationship between the severity of injury and initial visual acuity. The result gave p<0.05 showing that there was a statistically significant relationship. 49 eyes (22.0%) of the

The study focuses on the assessment of knowledge of and attitude towards seat belt use among commercial bus drivers in Egor Local Government. The objective of the study was to examine the level of knowledge of commercial bus drivers about the use of seatbelts, determine the attitudes of commercial bus drivers about the use of seatbelts and to find out the behaviors of commercial bus drivers towards the use of seatbelts in Egor LGA in Edo State.Survey research design will be adopted for this study. The population of this study consists of all the commercial bus drivers in Egor LGA of Edo State. The sample of the study comprised two hundred and forty (240) commercial bus drivers; a simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents for the study. The instrument for the study was a structure questionnaire was used to collect data. The data collected were analyzed, tabulated, interpreted and then discussed. Percentage and frequency were adopted as a method of data analysis. The findings of the study therefore clearly revealed that; the commercial bus drivers know that the use of seatbelt helps to prevent accident on the road, they know that the use of seatbelt helps to reduce the severity of injuries when accident occur, majority of them do not know the right time to fasten seatbelt. Following the findings of the study, the researcher recommends below; the drivers association in Egor LGA and Benin metropolis should begin to find out solutions to causes of accidents and ways to prevent them, the Federal Road Safety Corp should work closely with drivers association, educating them on the need to use seatbelt.

The contamination of water bodies by synthetic dyes such as methyl orange from industrial effluents poses a significant environmental challenge due to their toxicity, persistence, and resistance to biodegradation. This study investigates the adsorption capacity of Uteh-Uzalla clay for the removal of Methy orange from aqueous solutions. . The clay was characterized using SEM, BET, XRD, TGA, and FTIR to determine its surface morphology, elemental composition, crystalline phases, thermal stability, and functional groups. BET analysis revealed a surface area of 170.571 m²/g, a pore volume of 0.109cm³/g, and an average pore size of 2.411nm, indicating a mesoporous structure suitable for adsorption. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed significant weight loss between 200°C and 600°C, attributed to the dehydroxylation of clay minerals, confirming its thermal stability.FTIR analysis indicated the presence of kaolinite with functional groups such as O–H stretching at 3693.8 cm⁻¹, Si–H stretching at 2117.1 cm⁻¹, and H–O–H bending at 1636.3 cm⁻¹. SEM imaging revealed a porous, agglomerated structure that could facilitate adsorption. Elemental analysis revealed that silicon (64.23%) and aluminum (29.98%) were the dominant elements, consistent with kaolinite's composition. XRD analysis showed moderate crystallinity, with peaks corresponding to kaolinite and quartz. The raw clay was then modified into sodium clay using sodium chloride, and further treated with humic acid to enhance its adsorption properties. Adsorption studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of key parameters such as pH, contact time, and temperature, on dye removal efficiency was quantified using UV-visible spectrophotometry at 464nm. Adsorption experiments showed that the optimal adsorption condictions are temperature of 70°C, pH of 10 and Contact time of 120 mins. The study concludes that modified Uteh-Uzalla clay is an effective and low-cost adsorbent for methyl orange removal and offers potential for wastewater treatment applications.

There has been disagreement on the extent to which tax revenue contribute to the development of the Nigerian economy. This study aims to assess the impact of tax administration on economic development in Nigeria. The study investigated the influence of four tax revenue streams ; Income tax from companies’ profits, income tax from personal Income, Petroleum Profits tax and Value Added Tax on economic development represented by Human Development Index (HDI). The research employs regression analysis to examine data on taxation and economic development across a 24-year period from 2000 to 2023. The data was acquired from the statistics Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), tax reports of the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), and the Human Development Report published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).The study utilised the autoregressive distributed lag estimator (ADRL) to account for the varying levels of integration among the variables. The research findings indicate that there is no significant correlation between Companies Income Tax (CIT) and Economic Development (HDI) in Nigeria. There is no significant relationship between Personal Income Tax and Economic (HDI). Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT) and Value Added Tax (VAT), however, are significantly and positively related to economic development(HDI). The study therefore concludes that taxation can lead to positive economic development in Nigeria if policymakers examine the structure of Companies Income Tax and Personal Income Tax to address potential leakages or suboptimal utilisation. Their operations of the Value Added Tax and Petroleum Profit Tax should also be strengthened to ensure they contribute to economic development.