J.P Otakefe

Accounting has been described as the science of recording, classifying and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are in part at least, of a financial character and interpreting the result thereof. Features characterize the tertiary institution that makes it quite distinct from many other areas. Although, accounting principles remain the same in application, accounting systems are normally designed to suite the nature and need of information of the organization. This project work therefore sets to find out and document the system applicable in the tertiary institution of higher learning? Are laid down procedures followed? Are required information obtained when needed? How are contracts accounted for? What principles are laid down for cash handling? These and many others shall be answered as the work progresses. Generally, the project results shall be an aid to the public who are conscious of accounting system not only in the college of education but also in other establishment.

This study evaluated the impact of sustainability reporting on financial
performance of listed companies in the industrial and consumer goods sector on the Nigerian Exchange Group from 2018 to 2022. The study was carried out by extracting data from the annual reports for the period on which the descriptive statistics test, correlation analysis and the panel regression analysis were used. Sustainability reporting was represented by economic disclosure, environmental disclosure, and social disclosure, and three research hypotheses were formulated from each of the variables. The result of the findings revealed that all the variables (economic disclosure, environmental disclosure, and social disclosure) had a positive and significant
relationship with financial performance in the selected entities. The study recommends that companies should develop a national sustainability reporting framework for consistent reporting across Nigerian companies, listed entities should integrate sustainability into their corporate strategy and decision-making, investors should consider sustainability disclosures in investment decisions, and educational institutions should incorporate sustainability reporting into curricula to build relevant skills.

The most crucial level of control in every organization is board of directors. However, the role of a diverse board on the financial performance of a firm can never be over emphasized. Diversity in terms of gender, independent directors and board composition are expected to affect the advisory role of board of directors due to the diverse information they posses. Thus, the study investigates the effect of board diversity on financial performance of consumer goods firms in Nigeria, the study covers a period of five years (2018-2022). The population of the study is made up of the twenty six (26) listed consumer goods firms as at 31st December, 2012. A sample of seventeen (17) firms was drawn from the population as they have all the information required within the period under study. Secondary data was obtained from the annual report and account of sample firms. The study used correlational research design and a multiple regression technique was employed for analysis to determine the effect of board diversity on financial performance of firms under study. The result was interpreted using fixed-effect regression model. The finding of the study showed that two of diversity variables (Independent director and board composition) have a positive effect financial performance and gender diversity has no significant impact on firm performance. The study, therefore, concludes that on the overall board diversity has a significant impact on financial performance of the firms under study. It is therefore, recommended that regulatory authorities should encourage firms to consider foreign directors in their board room
when appointing board of directors for efficient monitoring and effective board oversight function.

Objective- This study focused on unethical accounting practices and their impact on financial reporting quality in Nigeria. It specifically examined the roles of institutions and regulatory bodies in addressing these issues. Geographically, our sample was drawn from Nigeria.The paper tested the hypothesis that there are no significant factors contributing to the persistence of unethical accounting practices among accountants and auditors, regulatory bodies do not face substantial challenges that hinder their ability to enforce ethical standards and address misconduct in financial reporting, and unethical accounting practices do not negatively impact the quality of financial reporting and diminish investor confidence in the Nigerian financial system. Methodology - For this study, the population comprised 154 staff of accounting departments and audit units of quoted companies in Nigeria. To choose the sampled companies in Nigeria,the Simple Random Sampling technique was adopted in this study. The research instrument used for this study is the questionnaire administered to accounting professionals, auditors, financial regulators, company executives, key officials from regulatory bodies and industry experts. The response to each of the question in Section B was based on the five-point likert scale and denoted as 1- Strongly Agree; 2- Agree; 3- Undecided; 4- Disagree; 5- Strongly Disagree. The data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. In addition, the hypotheses of the research have been tested using EViews student version 12 through ENTER for data analysis. Findings - The results revealed a significant negative relationship between variables. Research limits - Data used for this study need to be subjected to more statistical tests in order to establish a more robust validity and reliability. It is necessary to acquire further strengthened data and assume a variety of conditional situations. It is expected that subsequent studies can use larger samples and diversified by sector, a broader geographic base and a multi-faceted analysis. Practical implications- The study underscored the need for policymakers to prioritize ethical governance in the financial sector. Strengthening the regulatory framework and promoting ethical practices can enhance financial stability and investor confidence.