J.U. DON

This study examines carbon monoxide (CO) exposure and its associated health risks among commercial drivers and passengers. Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, and highly toxic gas produced through the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels such as gasoline, natural gas, and wood. Exposure to elevated concentrations of CO interferes with oxygen transport in the bloodstream by binding strongly to hemoglobin, thereby causing hypoxia and a range of adverse health effects, including headache, dizziness, nausea, confusion, breathing difficulties, and in severe cases, death. Commercial drivers are particularly vulnerable due to prolonged hours spent in traffic-congested environments and exposure to vehicle exhaust emissions, especially from poorly maintained vehicles. This study highlights the occupational and environmental risks associated with CO exposure among drivers and passengers, emphasizing the importance of awareness, preventive measures, and proper vehicle maintenance. It further discusses the role of employers and transport authorities in promoting safety through education, regular vehicle inspections, installation of carbon monoxide detectors, and enforcement of preventive policies. The study concludes that increasing knowledge and awareness of carbon monoxide poisoning among commercial drivers and the general public is essential for reducing exposure risks and improving public health outcomes.

This study investigated knowledge and attitude of students towards environmental sustainability among students at the University of Benin, six research questions were raised to guide the study, two hypotheses were formulated. The purpose was to assess students’ level of knowledge, their attitudes, the factors influencing their engagement, the institutional challenges affecting sustainability practices, and their perceptions of the university’s role in promoting environmental awareness.
A descriptive survey design was adopted. The population comprised 39,037 undergraduate students in fourteen faculties, from which a sample of 383 respondents was drawn using a multi-stage sampling technique involving systematic, proportional, and purposive methods. Data were collected using a structured twenty-item questionnaire validated by experts, and reliability was determined using the test–retest method, which produced a coefficient of 0.78. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations were used to analyze the data, while hypotheses were tested using the t-test at the 0.05 level of significance. The study concludes that students of the University of Benin possess commendable knowledge and positive attitudes toward environmental sustainability, yet this awareness is not fully translated into consistent practice. It recommends that the university should integrate sustainability education into its General Studies curriculum, strengthen institutional frameworks, provide adequate infrastructure, and actively involve students in sustainability planning and implementation to promote a culture of environmental responsibility across disciplines.
Findings revealed that students demonstrated a generally high level of knowledge of environmental sustainability, particularly regarding responsible resource use, recycling, and conservation of energy and water. However, awareness of global sustainability frameworks such as the Paris Agreement was moderate. The results also showed that students held positive attitudes towards environmental sustainability, though their participation in practical activities such as organized recycling and campus clean-up programs was limited. Factors such as personal values, peer influence, and academic exposure were found to significantly shape engagement in sustainability practices, while institutional challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, weak policy enforcement, and insufficient sensitization programs limited students’ active involvement

This study examined the Awareness and Practice of Water Conservation among Students of the University of Benin. Five research questions were raised to guide the study, the study sought to determine the level of awareness of water conservation amongstudents, the extent to which they practice water-saving behaviors, the factors influencing their engagement, institutional challenges affecting participation, and students’ perceptions of the university’s role in promoting water conservation. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population consisted of 39,037 undergraduate students in fourteen faculties, from which a sample of 204 respondents was drawn using proportional sampling. The instrument for data collection
was a structured twenty-item questionnaire validated by experts, and its reliability was established using the test–retest method, yielding a coefficient of 0.763. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. Findings revealed that while students demonstrated high awareness of water, their practical engagement was inconsistent. Most respondents turned off taps after use, but few reported leaks or reused water. Factors such as water shortages, peer influence, and cultural background significantly shaped conservation behavior, while institutional shortcomings like limited sensitization campaigns, poor maintenance systems, and lack of visible infrastructure undermined effective participation. Students also perceived the university’s efforts as insufficient and recommended stronger leadership, policy
inforcement, and integration of conservation education into orientation and campus life. The study concludes that awareness of water conservation among University of Benin students is high but does not consistently translate into practice. It recommends that the University of Benin management should take the lead in integrating water conservation education into student orientation programs and General Studies (GST) courses.