APPLICATION OF GIS IN HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES FOR INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT ALONG TEMBOGA ROAD, BENIN CITY
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Abstract
Flooding, erosion, and inadequate drainage systems have continued to pose significant
hydrological challenges affecting the durability and performance of road infrastructure in
Benin City. One of the most impacted corridors is Temboga Road, situated within the IkpobaOkha Local Government Area. This study employs Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
and Remote Sensing methods to evaluate the hydrological characteristics of the Temboga
area and develop sustainable solutions for resilient hydraulic infrastructure design and
planning. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) sourced from the Shuttle Radar Topography
Mission (SRTM/ USGS), combined with high-resolution UAV (Phantom 4) imagery and
differential GNSS observations, were processed within ArcGIS Pro and Global Mapper
environments to delineate watersheds, trace flow accumulation pathways, and identify floodprone zones. The Rational Method was applied to estimate peak runoff, while GIS-based
spatial were used to evaluate drainage and erosion-vulnerable locations. Findings indicate that Temboga Road lies across multiple sub-catchments (eight in total)
within the Ikpoba River basin characterized by low-lying topography, high rainfall intensity
exceeding 2,400mm annually, and sandy-loam soils that are highly susceptible to erosion.
The integration of GIS and hydrological analysis proved instrumental for evidence-based
decision-making, enabling engineers and planners to visualize water flow dynamics, mitigate
flood risks, and design drainage systems that strengthen the resilience and sustainability of
road infrastructures. Ultimately, this research demonstrates the value of spatial intelligence in
transforming traditional hydrological assessments into proactive tools for sustainable
infrastructural development along Temboga Road, Benin City.
hydrological challenges affecting the durability and performance of road infrastructure in
Benin City. One of the most impacted corridors is Temboga Road, situated within the IkpobaOkha Local Government Area. This study employs Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
and Remote Sensing methods to evaluate the hydrological characteristics of the Temboga
area and develop sustainable solutions for resilient hydraulic infrastructure design and
planning. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) sourced from the Shuttle Radar Topography
Mission (SRTM/ USGS), combined with high-resolution UAV (Phantom 4) imagery and
differential GNSS observations, were processed within ArcGIS Pro and Global Mapper
environments to delineate watersheds, trace flow accumulation pathways, and identify floodprone zones. The Rational Method was applied to estimate peak runoff, while GIS-based
spatial were used to evaluate drainage and erosion-vulnerable locations. Findings indicate that Temboga Road lies across multiple sub-catchments (eight in total)
within the Ikpoba River basin characterized by low-lying topography, high rainfall intensity
exceeding 2,400mm annually, and sandy-loam soils that are highly susceptible to erosion.
The integration of GIS and hydrological analysis proved instrumental for evidence-based
decision-making, enabling engineers and planners to visualize water flow dynamics, mitigate
flood risks, and design drainage systems that strengthen the resilience and sustainability of
road infrastructures. Ultimately, this research demonstrates the value of spatial intelligence in
transforming traditional hydrological assessments into proactive tools for sustainable
infrastructural development along Temboga Road, Benin City.
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