Antiaris toxicaria var Africana (Moraceae): PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ACQUEOUS ETHANOL EXTRACT
Faculty
Department
Year of Publication
upload
Publication Type
Abstract
Introduction: Antiaris toxicaria is a plant found in tropical Africa, among other tropical regions, non-scientifical used of this plant include; for hunting, neurological complaints, skin infections, gastrointestinal complaints. So this incite the need for chemical characterisation and laboratory evaluation of the ethanolic bark fraction. This study profiles its phytochemicals, and antibacterial.
Method: The bark parts were collected, pulverized and extracted with 70% ethanol from which the ethanolic fraction were obtained and analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS to identify non-volatile and volatile constituents found in the plant. Antibacterial activity was carried out against six clinical isolates (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus) was assessed by Inhibitory Zone Diameter (IZD), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC).
Results: Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses revealed the presence of major constituents such as (Ephedrine),(Proanthocyanin compound ) and (Amphyllidine compound ) with (Ephedrine) occurring at the highest concentration (17.81 µg/Ml) for HPLC, while for GC-MS, constituents such as (n-Hexadecanoic acid), (d-Glucohexodialdose) and (2-Furanmethanol, 5-ethenyltetrahydro-.alpha.,.alpha.,5-trimethyl-,cis-) with n-Hexadecanoic as the highest occurring (15.07 %). The extract produced moderate inhibition zones (14–20 mm) against the six clinical isolates. The findings of this study revealed that the 70% ethanolic extract of Antiaris toxicaria possesses measurable antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms, particularly to Gram positive bacteria than that of Gram negative with MBC/MIC ratio to be ≥ 4 for S. aureus, E. cloacae, E. coli, B. cereus depicting bacteriostatic and ≤ 4 for P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis depicting bactericidal.
Conclusion: Th ethanolic bark exract of Antiaris toxicaria contains a complex mixture of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins constituents that together reveals measurable antibacterial effect
Method: The bark parts were collected, pulverized and extracted with 70% ethanol from which the ethanolic fraction were obtained and analyzed by HPLC and GC-MS to identify non-volatile and volatile constituents found in the plant. Antibacterial activity was carried out against six clinical isolates (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus) was assessed by Inhibitory Zone Diameter (IZD), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC).
Results: Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses revealed the presence of major constituents such as (Ephedrine),(Proanthocyanin compound ) and (Amphyllidine compound ) with (Ephedrine) occurring at the highest concentration (17.81 µg/Ml) for HPLC, while for GC-MS, constituents such as (n-Hexadecanoic acid), (d-Glucohexodialdose) and (2-Furanmethanol, 5-ethenyltetrahydro-.alpha.,.alpha.,5-trimethyl-,cis-) with n-Hexadecanoic as the highest occurring (15.07 %). The extract produced moderate inhibition zones (14–20 mm) against the six clinical isolates. The findings of this study revealed that the 70% ethanolic extract of Antiaris toxicaria possesses measurable antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms, particularly to Gram positive bacteria than that of Gram negative with MBC/MIC ratio to be ≥ 4 for S. aureus, E. cloacae, E. coli, B. cereus depicting bacteriostatic and ≤ 4 for P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis depicting bactericidal.
Conclusion: Th ethanolic bark exract of Antiaris toxicaria contains a complex mixture of alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins constituents that together reveals measurable antibacterial effect
Supervisor(s)
co-supervisor