DEPARTMENTOFMECHANICAL ENGINEERING,

Most industrial heat exchanger devices, such as condensers, boilers, furnaces, and pipelines generate a certain amount of heat waste due to temperature gradient in the fluid. Leading to reduction of the efficiency, increased emissions, and higher fuel consumption. Thermoelectric generator (TEG) technology offers a sustainable solution by utilising the waste heat to generate electricity. This project focuses on the performance of the TEG process using the counter-flow heat exchanger and process control mechanism to monitor the results evaluated from the different thermal transfer conditions. The primary objective is to recover electricity from heat waste from industrial pipelines or heat exchanger devices, and to assess the feasibility and predict the performance of TEG for sustainable power generation. The experiment components are aluminium heat exchanger tubes, thermal paste, TEG modules (SP1848-27145), thermal paste, Arudino, Voltage and Current sensor, 16X2 LCD display, and Multimeter. The setup of the experiment utilised two aluminium heat tubes: the upper tubes flowed with Hot water, while the lower part circulated with cooling water. The five series modules were mounted between the surfaces of both heat exchanger tubes using thermal paste to ensure heat transfer. The reading of the voltage and current values was displayed using a 16X2 LCD with Arduino Nano or a Multimeter. Experimental results show that the system successfully converted a measurable fraction of waste heat into electrical energy. While the power output and efficiency were relatively low compared to the total heat transfer across the exchanger tubes, the system achieved a maximum output of 9.28 V and 3.17 W, with an efficiency of 14.5%. Based on the empirical model, 5000 thermoelectric modules (TEMs) could generate a maximum power output of 3.17 kW when properly installed, which can improve the overall efficiency in the industrial application.

Comparative Performance analysis of Selected Working Fluids in a low temperature organic RankineCycle forWasteHeatrecoveryApplication. The global imperative to improve energy efficiency necessitates the effective recovery of low- gradewast heat,achallengeperfectlyaddressedbytheorganicRankineCycle (ORC)technology. This project undertakes a comprehensive comparative analysis of selected candidate organic
working fluids – including Ethanol, Toluene, Cyclopentane, R245fa, R1233zd(E) and R152a, drawn fromthe categories ofdry,wet andisentropic fluids,withina low temperatureORCsystem designed for industrial waste heat recovery. The primary goal isto identify the optimal fluid that maximizesthermodynamic performance under a specified heatsource temperature (e.g 206 0Cto 123.70C). A thermodynamic model was developed to simulate the cycle’s performance. The selected fluids areevaluatedagainstkeymetricssuchasnetworkandthermal efficiency. Initial simulation results reveal significant variability in cycle performance, depending on the fluid’s criticaltemperature,boilingpointandcondensationtemperatures andpressures. The findings provide a data driven basisforselecting aworking fluid that not only achieves higher power generation but also minimizes system’s complexity and investment cost, thereby acceleratingthedeploymentofsustainablelowtemperaturewasteheatrecoverysystems