DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH AND LITERATURE,

his project investigates the themes of victimization and resilience in Purple Hibiscus and Half of a Yellow Sun, highlighting how these narratives portray the struggles of individuals and communities in the face of oppression. Through a detailed analysis of character experiences, the project examines how Kambili Achike embodies the psychological and emotional toll of domestic tyranny, while characters like Olanna, Odenigbo, and Ugwu navigate the brutal realities of the Nigerian Civil War. The project explores the mechanisms of victimization, including authoritarian control, societal expectations, and the impact of conflict, illustrating how these forces shape the characters' identities and relationships. The project emphasizes the theme of resilience as a counterpoint to victimization. It analyzes Kambili’s journey toward self-discovery and empowerment, showcasing her gradual reclamation of voice and agency, while in Half of a Yellow Sun, the resilience of characters amidst war and displacement is highlighted, demonstrating their capacity to adapt, survive, and forge connections in the face of adversity. The project also addresses the role of strong female characters, such as Aunty Ifeoma and Olanna, in challenging patriarchal structures and advocating for change.This project highlights Adichie’s refined portrayal of the human spirit's capacity to endure and resist oppression. It contributes to a deeper understanding of the socio- political contexts of both novels and the broader implications for discussions on identity, empowerment, and social justice.

This paper examines the performance poetry of Nigerian Performance Poet, Dike Chukwumerije, arguing that it functions as a significant site for socio-economic resistance and constructive national advocacy. Framed within the dual lenses of Postcolonial theory and Marxist theory, the study analyzes his selected poems, which are "The Beautiful Ones Are Born", "Okwesilieze", "The Roads Are Broken", "Development Is", "The Wall and The Bridge", "The Revolution Has No Tribe", "We Are One Nation", "Belly Politics" and "Fix The Politics".

Increasing demand for wood and fossil fuel which have limited availability has, over the years, contributed majorly in environmental pollution. The availability of energy for cooking remains a major concern in developing countries and cooking is a daily household activity. The negative environmental effect of wood and fossil fuel necessitates inquest for an alternative energy source that is sustainable. Biogas, over the years of research has shown favorable characteristics which make it an excellent option as an alternative fuel source. However, more research has to be made into designing and developing devices or appliances that utilize the biogas efficiently. This study details the design and fabrication of a biogas stove for domestic use with rural communities of developing countries such as Nigeria in mind focusing on characteristics such as efficiency, simplicity and cost-friendliness of the design. The biogas stove consists of the following major components: burner head, mixing tube, the injector burner support, etc. The Bernoulli’s theorem was used to derive the flow rate of gas as well as key design dimensions to maintain this flow rate. The biogas stove was fabricated using stainless steel for the burner head, mild steel for the mixing chamber and a brass alloy for the injector component. The material selected were chosen based on considerations given to corrosion, local availability and then cost. The clearance between the cooking pot and the burner head is 45mm, while the clearance between the flame ports is 5mm. The injector is connected to the mixing chamber which tapers down to the throat diameter of 14.7mm which is maintained as the diameter of the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is connected to the burner head which is a cylindrical component with a top having 32 burner ports each of 3mm diameter drilled into it, from which the gas can be ignited. The result of three water boiling tests places the heating efficiency of the stove at 58.51%

In the poem “Song of Lawino and Song of Ocol” by Okot p’Bitek, there are three important characters who show how different cultures clash and change after colonization in Africa.
Lawino represents African culture. She lives in the traditional African way, doing things the Acoli people do, and she really loves African traditions. She strongly believes in keeping African culture alive and doesn’t like Western influences. Through her character, we see how African traditions can stay strong even when other cultures try to change them.
Ocol, on the other hand, symbolizes Western culture. He rejects his African identity and prefers Western values. He even changes his name to a European one and abandons African beliefs and customs. Ocol doesn’t like African traditions like dances and food; he wants Africa to be more like the West.
This creates a conflict between African ways and Western ideas. Clementine is a character who represents the loss of African identity. She chooses a European name and prefers to speak English instead of her African language. She tries to look like a white woman by using things like skin bleaching and hair straightening. This shows us how African identity can fade away because of Western influences.
All three characters in the poem help us understand how African and Western cultures mix and sometimes clash after colonization. They show us the challenges people face when they want to preserve their culture but also get influenced by the West.

This study examines the core realities of identity and culture within human relationships. It illustrates the major influences culture and identity play within human relationships and various complexities that ensue. Using Freud’s psychoanalytic theory whose focus on the depiction of various factors, internal and external, that influence human actions. The study examines these complexities in view of how these factors influence human behaviour, actions and inactions in their interactions and relationships with others. The data used in this research was gotten from two primary texts whose focus is on culture and identity. The texts, In Every Mirror She's Black by Lola Akinmade Akerstorm and Wahala by Nikki May both highlight the difficulties found in several types of human connections, including romantic, platonic, and familial ones.. The study examines the multicultural setting and characters as a factor for identity formation and influence to the various complexities that occur within the various character relationships. It also examines the post-colonial feature of the work illustrating the ideas of migration, cultural duality and racism and their imprints on the identities of the characters and their relationships respectively. There is also the examination of the characters and the various qualities that contribute to these complexities. Their fears, imperfections and evolution in perceptions, actions and reactions during the work that contribute to some of the challenges they face in their relationships. There is the illustration of certain strategies employed by these groups to navigate through each of these complexities. The study shows that the evolving breed of multiculturalism, the various constraining realities and complexities that are faced by members of multicultural societies is a major effect of post-colonialism