ACTIVATED CARBON

The influence of dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time on the % removal of methylene blue dye (textile effluent) from aqueous solution was optimized and evaluated using a three-variable Box-Behnken design (BBD) in combination with response surface methodology (RSM). Coconut shell was utilized to make the adsorbent, which was then activated with H3PO4 after being carbonized at 600°C for an hour. Three variables dye concentration (50–200 mg/l), adsorbent dosage (g/100 ml), and contact time (10–60 mins), were varied to treat the dye solution. The responses of the linear and quadratic models that were developed for % dye removal from aqueous solution were significantly influenced by all three parameters, according to a statistical analysis of the data with p < 0.0001, the models were significant and demonstrated a strong fit with the experimental data. The adsorbent dosage and contact time had a positive impact on the percentage of dye removal. The process was optimized, and the maximum dye removal of 82% was attained at optimum dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time of 125 mg/l, 0.55 g/100 ml, and 35 min

The relative utilization ofactivated carbon has constantly increased with the advancementinmoderntechnology.Inabidtomakeuseofalternativeprecursorsfor activatedcarbonproduction,periwinkleshellswereused. Thisstudyexploredtheuseofperiwinkleshellsfortheproductionofperiwinkleshell
activatedcarbon(PSAC)preparedusingpotassiumhydroxide(KOH)activationmethod.
The adsorbentwas characterized using the FourierTransformed Infrared (FTIR)
analysis.Centralcompositedesign(CCD)inresponsesurfacemethodology(RSM)was
usedfortheoptimizationofPSACproductionconditions.QuadraticmodelsandlinearmodelweredevelopedforthepercentageyieldofPSAC,thesurfaceareaandthe porosity.ModelsuitabilitywasvalidatedusingAnalysisofVariance(ANOVA).TheFTIR
analysisshowedthepresenceofstretchingvibrationbandssuchascarbonateion
( ),aliphaticN-H and heterocyclicN-H.Theoptimum conditionsforPSAC
productionwas536.375oCand82.087minutesforactivationtemperatureandactivation
time respectively.Thisled to maximized responses;PSAC’syield percentage of
95.147%,surfaceareaof71.525m2/gandporosityof36.695.Thecorrelationcoefficient
R2obtainedwereveryhighforeachresponse;99.47%,99.98%and97.77%forPSAC’s
yield,surfaceareaandporosityrespectivelyindicatingthattheresultsofexperimental
Studies were in perfect agreement with thosesuggested from model.Thus,the
predictionbythemodelwasingoodconformitywithactualresults.Periwinkleshells were found to attain PSAC that had a very high yield as well as excellent surface area
andporosity