O.I Imasuen

Water quality assessment of Ashaka Community has been carried out using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the prevalent parameters during wet and dry seasons respectively. The total of ten (10) samples; nine (9) groundwater and one (1) surface water sample(s) were collected at random to cover the area of study during both seasons. The results showed that pH, EC, Cl, TSS and alkalinity were the most prevalent parameters in both seasons. Furthermore, other parameters measured besides pH, E-Coli and Coliform counts were below the values set by the Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) and World Health Organization (WHO). The high values of E-Coli and Coliform counts revealed the presence of biological contaminants in the water. The moderately acidic values obtained in the water samples and the high concentration of E-Coli and Coliform counts rendered the water unfit for drinking except routine treatment is administered( a neutralizing filter is used if drinking water is acidic to raise the pH to neutral synthetic magnesium oxide treats water with pH less than 6). However, the quality of water in the area can be used for crops production.

Geochemical and mineralogical determination of clay deposits with
integrated sedimentological characterization of their physical properties are fundamental in bridging the knowledge gap and raw material feed for industrial processes and applications. In this study, I investigated clays at locations with relatively little or no investigations carried out to discover the untapped mineral deposits. The clay deposits situated at Iguoriakhi, Ofunmwengbe and environs were investigated using several analytical techniques; X Ray Diffractometry (XRD), X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), Hydrometer Method, Wet Sieving Analysis and other geotechnical techniques. The average abundance of minerals in the samples derived from the XRD Peaks indicates that Clay minerals present include; Kaolinite, ranges between (19.52% - 22.33%) and (24.24% - 28.60%), Montmorillonite (10.49% and 4.6%), Illite (5.24% and 4.07%) and associated non clay minerals include; Mica (5.50% - 7.02%) and (4.88% - 6.03%), Feldspar (6.02% - 6.53%) and (3.03% - 3.50%), quartz (49.77% - 52.80%) and (54.11.0% - 55.99%) for Iguoriakhi and Ofunmwengbe samples respectively. Geochemical signatures Al2O3/TiO2 ratio for clastic rocks used to determine origin indicates that the Al2O3/TiO2 for Iguoriakhi and Ofunmwengbe clays range between (23.73 – 50.40) and (22.92 – 51.88) respectively signifying that the clays originated from
intermediate to felsic igneous rocks. The high Chemical Index of
Alteration (CIA) ranges between 86.14 - 93.57 and 86.05-93.47, Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW) between 93.59 - 97.71 and 93.55
- 97.67 and Weathering Index of Parker (WIP) between 10.27 - 12.02
and 10.04 - 12.1.