EFFECTS OF CASTOR OIL ON BIOADHESION AND DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM RELEASE FROM TRANSDERMAL FILMS
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Abstract
Background: Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) systems offer a non-invasive and efficient
means of administering therapeutic agents in a controlled manner. Purpose: To investigate how the incorporation of castor oil affects diclofenac potassium
transdermal films. Methods: Patches of diclofenac potassium were prepared using the solvent casting method. Patches labelled PQ0, PQ1, PQ2, PQ3, PO1, PO2, PO3 were prepared by dissolving a
combination of measured amount of HPMC and diclofenac potassium in distilled water. Next, calculated amount of Tween 80 and castor oil were added. This mixture was then agitated for
approximately five minutes to form a slur, then poured into a petri dish and allowed to air dry for
48 hours. Air-dried patches were cut into ten 1x1cm2 sections. Cut patches were evaluated for
their physicochemical properties, bioadhesion, drug content, folding endurance, in vitro and ex
vivo release profile. Results: Physicochemical tests demonstrated slightly varying weight and thickness, but were
still within the pharmaceutically acceptable range of 5 ± 10% according to the USP. Bioadhesion
test showed an increase with reduction in percentage of castor oil (5%). Highest bioadhesion
obtained from a batch with oil was 2.90g/sec (batch without oil gave bioadhesion of 3.60 g/sec). Evaluation for the drug content demonstrated no significant difference. Also, folding endurance
test demonstrated a good range between 200 - 400 folds. In vitro and ex vivo tests showed a
better release with batches where the drug was dispersed in the oily phase with ex vivo peaking
80% release. Conclusion: This study suggests that transdermal patches formulated by dispersing drug in the
lowest percentage of oil possible (in this case, 5%) promises good bioadhesion and better
diclofenac release across skin.
means of administering therapeutic agents in a controlled manner. Purpose: To investigate how the incorporation of castor oil affects diclofenac potassium
transdermal films. Methods: Patches of diclofenac potassium were prepared using the solvent casting method. Patches labelled PQ0, PQ1, PQ2, PQ3, PO1, PO2, PO3 were prepared by dissolving a
combination of measured amount of HPMC and diclofenac potassium in distilled water. Next, calculated amount of Tween 80 and castor oil were added. This mixture was then agitated for
approximately five minutes to form a slur, then poured into a petri dish and allowed to air dry for
48 hours. Air-dried patches were cut into ten 1x1cm2 sections. Cut patches were evaluated for
their physicochemical properties, bioadhesion, drug content, folding endurance, in vitro and ex
vivo release profile. Results: Physicochemical tests demonstrated slightly varying weight and thickness, but were
still within the pharmaceutically acceptable range of 5 ± 10% according to the USP. Bioadhesion
test showed an increase with reduction in percentage of castor oil (5%). Highest bioadhesion
obtained from a batch with oil was 2.90g/sec (batch without oil gave bioadhesion of 3.60 g/sec). Evaluation for the drug content demonstrated no significant difference. Also, folding endurance
test demonstrated a good range between 200 - 400 folds. In vitro and ex vivo tests showed a
better release with batches where the drug was dispersed in the oily phase with ex vivo peaking
80% release. Conclusion: This study suggests that transdermal patches formulated by dispersing drug in the
lowest percentage of oil possible (in this case, 5%) promises good bioadhesion and better
diclofenac release across skin.
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