SAWMILLS

This study assessed the levels of air and noise pollution generated by sawmill activities in selected locations within Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The investigation focused on key air quality parameters including particulate matter (PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀), ozone (O₃), formaldehyde (HCHO), total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO₂), as well as environmental noise levels. Measurements were carried out using calibrated portable air quality monitors and sound level meters across five major sawmill locations. The aim was to determine the extent of environmental pollution, evaluate compliance with recommended standards, and examine potential health risks to workers and nearby residents. Results revealed that PM₂.₅ concentrations ranged from 24 µg/m³ to 43 µg/m³, while PM₁₀ values ranged from 46 µg/m³ to 68.5 µg/m³ across the sampled locations. Noise levels varied between 68.35 dB(A) and 74.8 dB(A). Ozone concentrations ranged from 0.01 ppm to 0.08 ppm, while CO₂ levels were recorded between 408 ppm and 482 ppm. In several locations, particulate matter levels exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) 24-hour guideline limits, indicating degraded air quality. Noise measurements in most sites were also above the recommended 55 dB(A) limit for residential environments, suggesting potential risks of long-term exposure. The findings confirm that sawmill operations significantly contribute to environmental pollution within the study area. Elevated concentrations of PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ pose respiratory health risks, while persistent exposure to high noise levels may result in hearing impairment, stress, and reduced productivity. The study highlights the need for stricter enforcement of environmental regulations, installation of dust control systems, proper zoning of industrial activities, and routine environmental monitoring. Implementing these measures will improve occupational safety and protect the health of surrounding communities.