Ophalocarpum elatum

This study investigated the effect of scarification pre-treatments on the germination of Omphalocarpum elatum, Khaya anthotheca, and Albizia coriacea seeds. These tropical species are ecologically and economically significant but face regeneration challenges due to seed dormancy and hard seed coats that prevent water absorption and gas exchange. The research aimed to evaluate whether scarification pre-treatments could enhance their germination and overcome dormancy. The experiment was conducted at the Screen-House of the Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin. Four seeds were planted per pot, and each species had fifteen pots, making a total of forty-five pots for the entire study. The parameters recorded were the number of seeds planted and the percentage of germination, and observations were made daily for thirty days. The results showed that no germination occurred in any of the species throughout the observation period, as the number of germinated seeds for all species was zero, resulting in a 0% germination rate. This complete lack of germination may have been caused by several factors such as delay in seed planting after procurement, harsh scarification procedures like acid treatment, the potency or viability of the seeds (dead or alive), unfavorable environmental conditions, and the nature of seed collection whether from trees or fallen fruits. The study concludes that proper seed handling, immediate planting after harvest, the use of mild scarification methods, and seed viability testing are essential for improving germination outcomes. Although no germination was recorded, the findings provide valuable baseline information for future research aimed at enhancing propagation techniques and promoting the conservation and restoration of tropical forest sp