Picralima nitida Akuamma Medicinal plants Ethnomedicine Phytochemical screening Phytochemical composition Methanolic root extract Subchronic toxicity Toxicity evaluation Biochemical analysis Histopathology

Picralima nitida, commonly known as Akuamma, is a plant native to West Africa and has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical composition and subchronic toxicity profile, with a specific focus on biochemical analysis and histopathology of rats administered the roots of Picralima nitida. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard chemical tests and the subchronic toxicity study was done for 28 days with the administration of the methanolic root extract to the rats. Biochemical analysis and histopathological studies were carried out after to assess subchronic
toxicity effects. Picralima nitida was shown to contain phytochemicals most likely responsible for its pharmacological properties and therefore, its ethnomedicinal uses. The rats in the treatment groups based on the biochemical parameters showed no signs of toxicity when compared to the control group. In conlusion, phytochemical screening and subchronic toxicity evaluation are essential steps in assessing the safety and efficacy of medicinal plants. The study demonstrates that the root extract at doses administered were not toxic. However, further studies are needed where the animals are given higher doses with longer durations to fully understand the plant's toxicity.