WORKPLACE

This study examined the relationship between workplace toxicity and employees’ performance in virtual organisations in Lagos State. Virtual organisations have become an increasingly prominent feature of the modern business landscape as technological advancements, global connectivity and digital work platforms continue to redefine the nature of organisational operations. It is aimed at determining how workplace bullying influences employee performance; ascertaining the relationship between workplace harassment and employee performance; examining the extent to which toxic leadership influences employee performance; and ascertaining whether cyber incivility affects employee performance in virtual organisations in Lagos State. Four dimensions of workplace toxicity, which are: workplace bullying, workplace harassment, toxic leadership and cyber incivility in relation to employees’ performance, were examined. The study specifically adopted a descriptive survey research design to gather information from primary sources, using structured questionnaires administered to employees in the selected virtual organisations in Lagos State. A total number of three hundred and sixty-four (364) valid responses were collected from employees in the selected virtual organisations. The data gathered were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that each dimension of workplace toxicity examined, which are workplace bullying, workplace harassment, toxic leadership and cyber incivility, was significantly and positively associated with employees’ performance among the respondents. The analysis demonstrates a very strong association between the independent variables (workplace toxicity) and employees’ performance, as indicated by the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.872. This value signifies a very strong positive linear relationship. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.746, indicating that only 74.6% of the variance in employees’ performance is explained by the predictors. Based on these results, it is recommended that the organisation strengthen internal policies that address harassment, enforce fair treatment among staff, and develop transparent reward systems that minimise favouritism. In addition, the organisation should recommend continuous employee counselling, improved supervisory conduct, and policy reforms targeting toxic managerial practice

This study examines the relationship between workplace diversity and team performance among academic staff of the University of Benin. Workplace diversity, which encompasses differences in gender, age, ethnicity, academic discipline, and professional experience, has become a key factor influencing organizational effectiveness in higher education institutions. The research investigates how these diverse attributes shape collaboration, communication, and productivity within academic teams. Using a descriptive survey design, data will be collected from academic staff across faculties to assess perceptions of diversity and its impact on teamwork outcomes such as innovation, decision-making quality, conflict management, and overall performance. The findings are
expected to reveal whether diversity enhances or constrains team effectiveness in the university context, providing insights into the role of inclusivity in fostering academic excellence. The study contributes to the understanding of diversity management in Nigerian universities and offers practical recommendations for creating an inclusive work environment that maximizes the strengths of diverse academic teams.