Intestinal parasitic infections

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) remain a major public health concern, particularly among immunocompromised populations such as individuals with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic patients are at increased risk of opportunistic infections due to impaired immune response, making parasitological investigations important in this group. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among diabetic patients attending the Endocrinology Unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 156 diabetic patients who consented to participate. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical history, hygiene practices, and lifestyle habits were obtained through a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected and examined microscopically for intestinal parasites using standard parasitological techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, and associations between variables were assessed using chi-square tests at a significance level of (p < 0.05). Of the 156 respondents, the majority were married (70.5%), within the age range of 60– 75 years, and more males were represented. Most respondents had primary or secondary education, resided in urban areas, and used water closet toilets. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 54.5%. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and ntamoeba coli were the most frequently detected parasites, while Ascaris lumbricoides and Strongyloides stercoralis were least observed. Significant associations were found between infection status and variables such as educational level and sanitation practices (p < 0.05). This research revealed that intestinal parasites are still prevalent among diabetic patients, particularly those with lower
educational attainment and poor sanitation habits. Strengthening routine parasitological screening, health education, and improved hygiene practices is recommended to reduce the burden of intestinal parasites in this vulnerable group