LAW

Climate change is one of the global fastest-growing problems, as it constitutes one of the greatest threats not only to human existence but to substantial human development, and human activities are considered the principal cause not minding the natural cause. Though the negative impacts of climate change is considered a global chaos, its biting effects on the Nigeria economy is overwhelming as it can be felt and seen clearly in the various sectors of the economy such as the agriculture, energy sector, food and health, drug, security, etc. These human activities which emit large amounts of green-house gasses include industrialisation, deforestation, burning of foil fuel, gas flaring, urbanisation and agriculture. The activities bring about increase in mean atmospheric temperature otherwise known as global warming that has the tendency to affect the ozon layer negatively and also deplete the productivity of the people in general. Despite the various laws made by the Nigerian government, the biting effects of climate change is still painfully felt as it is no longer a matter of the environment but that of the people who suffer the pains of the environmental degradation with little response from the policy makers and other stratas of government. To this effect, this work aims at addressing the negative impacts of climate change on the various regions of Nigeria particularly the northern and southern region (Niger Delta). It also considers the impacts of the various domestic and international frameworks for environmental protection and their shortcomings by relying on the doctrinal research methodology. It further addresses the quest for environmental justice and recommends that policy makers should consider the need for environmental justice and work towards setting practical strategies for the liberation of those that suffer the painful effects of climate change in Nigeria. It also calls for engagement of the civil and judicial communities to put all hands on dusk towards promoting environmental justice in Nigeria.

The Nigerian criminal justice system is a caviling constituent of the country’s administration and the parts which the courts have to play within this system is important. The aim of this project is to delve into the different functions of the courts in criminal justice system of Nigeria and to dissect the impact of delays on the administration of justice in the country. This study adopts a doctrinal approach all information are purely from textbooks, internet, law reports for a better understanding of the subject matter.
The research begin by explaining what criminal justice system entail, role and functions of the courts in determining criminal cases, including their function in interpretation and application of the law, following due process, and safeguarding the rights of the accused. Furthermore, this project will dissect the organizational structure ofthe Nigerian court system and allocation ofresponsibilities among various tiers ofcourts, such as the Magistrate Courts,High Courts, Court ofAppeal, and the Supreme Court, in the handling ofcriminal cases.
In addition to expounding the hypothetical facets ofthe roles ofthe courts, the project will go into workable implementation ofthese functions, examining challenges and successes usually encountered within the court system of Nigeria. Most importantly, this research focuses on the existing issue of delays in the meting out of justice and its repercussions on the generic efficaciousness in the criminal justice system. Delays in court proceedings can cause long pretrial detention, abuse of defendants’ rights to a quick trial, and lessen the public confidence in the justice system.
The impact of these delays on the defendants, victims, and society at large will be critically examined through Nigerian case laws. Furthermore, this project will examine the fundamental causes of delays, touching factors such as backlog of case, institutional inefficiencies, inadequate infrastructure, and procedural complexities. By pinpointing these encumbrance, the research tends to provide practical recommendations for reforming the court system and building efficiency in handling criminal cases.
Finally, the project tends to make available to the ongoing discourse on judicial reform in Nigeria, dishing out insights that can inform policy interventions and institutional changes aimed at improving the administration of criminal justice. The findings of this research can serve as a foundation for further scholarly inquest and applicable initiatives geared towards strengthening the role of courts in upholding the rule of law and ensuring equitable access to justice for all citizens.

The offence of rape is a highly reprehensible and distressing social issue which have serious consequences for victims and society as a whole. It is a crime that is not limited to any gender and anyone can be both a perpetuator and a victim. While male victims have been mostly marginalized and silenced, this research delves into the phenomenon of male rape and explores the factors contributing to their silence and underreporting. This project focuses on the legal and institutional frameworks of male rape in Nigeria while considering the barriers this has created for male rape victims in Nigeria by exploring how the Nigerian laws address rape and male rape and the social stereotypes surrounding male masculinity and its effect on male victims of rape. It also seeks a review and reform of the laws guiding the offence of rape in Nigeria. It aims to provide recommendations for how society can better support male survivors and break the silence around male rape by creating platforms and enacting rape laws that ensure justice and help for male rape survivors