FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

Political patronage plays a significant role in the implementation of public policies in Nigeria, often shaping the effectiveness and sustainability of such programs. This study examines the impact of political patronage on the implementation of the Subsidy Reinvestment and Empowerment Programme (SURE-P) in Benin City. The study explores how political interference affects policy execution, resource allocation, and beneficiaryselection, while also assessing the long-term consequences of patronage on policy sustainability. A survey research design was adopted, with data collected from 236 respondents using structured questionnaires. The findings reveal that political patronage has led to inefficiencies, favoritism, and misallocation of resources, undermining the original objectives of SURE-P. Moreover, the study highlights public concerns over political interference in beneficiary selection, which has limited the program’s developmental impact. The research recommends institutional reforms, enhanced transparency, and stronger anti-corruption measures to ensure effective and equitable policy implementation. These findings contribute to the discourse on governance and public policy in Nigeria.

This study is about the socio economic effect of examination malpractice among university students. The study employed a survey research design, targeting residents in the area. The simple random sampling technique was employed to select teachers from schools, with a sample size of 100 respondents due to time constraints. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire designed by the researcher after a thorough review of the literature. The validity of the instrument was ensured through scrutiny by the project supervisor and experts. Reliability was determined by administering 20 copies
of the questionnaire to 20 teachers in public secondary schools in the area. The instrument was administered and collected by the researcher on the spot with the help of a research assistant in the area. The simple percentage method was used for data
analysis, making it easier to interpret and understand the information. The study showed that students personal problems, peer pressure, inadequate, teaching learning in schools, bribery and corruption on the parts of lecturers and examination officials tremendously lead to causes and perpetration of the behavior of examination malpractices common

The study investigated determinants and consequences of economic vulnerability among the elderly in Lokoja metropolis, Kogi State, Nigeria. The objective of this study was to investigate and highlight the determinants and consequences of economic vulnerability among the elderly in Lokoja metropolis, Kogi State. The research questions asked to achieve the objective of the study were as follows; What are the challenges faced by the elderly in Lokoja metropolis, Kogi State. What are the determinants of economic vulnerability among elderly in Lokoja metropolis, Kogi State. What are the health-related consequences of Economic Vulnerability among elderly in Lokoja metropolis, Kogi State. The sample size was 294 participants chosen from the study population using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling, the research instrument utilized was the questionnaire. Conclusion drawn from the analysis of the data retrieved from the questionnaire indicates that the elderly in particular require not just special care, but special facilities to make life meaningful and comfortable. Social workers are professional caregivers hence their involvement in caring for the elderly. Aside from the care, support and advice needed by the elderly and provided by social workers, there are some institutional mechanism which government needs to put in place to cushion the effects of economic vulnerability among the elderly. Recommendations were made based on the findings and they include: The government should take active and concrete measures towards implementing a viable social welfare programme for the elderly both at the federal, state and local government levels. This would ensure uniformity in implementation and Professional social workers must be encouraged to widen their operation horizon to accommodate the elderly.

This research work sets out to examine the psychological effects of violence on women and children. It is against this background that the research project sets out the following objectives amongst which are: to ascertain the psychological effect of violence on women, to ascertain the psychological effect of violence of children and to determine the nature of violence on children. With this objectives, 100 respondents were given questionnaires to fill in other to ascertain the psychological effects associated with violence against women and children. To this end, this research aim to bring this psychological effects to light and also to proffer solutions that would help ameliorate this social problem against women and children.

Unemployment is a universal phenomenon that has drawn the attention of nations as the unavailability of job opportunities poses also, as a leverage for attendant social unrest and menace. Using a semi-structured questionnaire as the instrument of data collection, this study describes unemployment amongst graduates as a societal problem in relation to its effects on the society. The results of the findings show that unemployment is often as a result of greed and corruption, which could lead members of the society into crime and reduce also, the value of education. In light of the findings, the study recommended that skills acquisition and entrepreneurship be encouraged and supported, proper utilization of resources and more leaning towards the industrial sector.

Over the years, there have been encouraging findings related to youth violent behaviour and bipolar disorder. The trend has been toward lower incidence of weapon-carrying and fighting in schools. This study titled “the prevalence of bipolar disorder and violent behaviour among University students in Nigeria. The study examine the relationship between personality trait and
violent behaviour among University students, relationship between mental health and violent behaviour among University students, relationship between peer group influence and violent behaviour among University students, relationship between biological factors and violent behaviour among University students. This study adopted a qualitative research method with survey instruments deployed to gather relevant data for analysis. The findings revealed that there are significant relationship between personality traits and violent behavior among university students, it was also revealed that revealed that there is a relationship between mental health and violent behavior among university students. Based on findings, it was recommended if you can
find out what the triggers are, you may be able to work out how to prevent the behaviour. Try to keep a calm environment by cutting down the stimulation, which could be in the environment, or in the activity that the person is doing. ‘Environment’ could mean the TV, radio, other noisy residents or an unfamiliar place, it was also recommended that Perhaps the person has become
frustrated at a task he cannot do or does not want to do. Remember that people with dementia often have severe reactions to feelings of failure. When you show or tell the person what to do, explain what to do step by step, with plenty of time in-between for the person to carry it out. Do not give too many choices, as this will be confusing

This research delves into the relationship between power supply and the social behavior of undergraduates in Ekosodin Community, Edo State, Benin City, employing a qualitative approach through interviews. This study seeks to uncover nuanced insights into how the in
availability and unreliability of electricity shape the social interactions, routines, and well- being of undergraduate students within the community. By engaging directly with the lived experiences and perspectives of students, the research aims to elucidate the diverse ways in which power supply influences their social behaviors, academic activities, and overall quality of life. Through thematic analysis of interview data, this study intends to contribute to a deeper understanding of the intersection between infrastructure and social dynamics, offering valuable implications for policymakers, utility providers, and community stakeholders seeking to improve the living conditions and social environments of Ekosodin Community

This study examined the undesirable effects of Prison Conditions and Inmates in Benin Medium Security Prison Edo State. Thus, this study investigated how the prison culture negative effects and influence the lives of the in mates while in prison. The participant in this
study were 200 of both inmates and staff selected through the use of stratified sampling technique. Survey design through structure questionnaire and structured and unstructured
interview were used to extract relevant data for the study. The hypotheses of the study were
tested using chi square(x2) statistical tool. The study discovered that there are negative effects
of adverse prison conditions on inmates in Benin Prison, the prison culture enhanced the learning of criminal behaviour and that prison have negative influence on in mates’ rehabilitation process, exchange of values by inmates result to recidivism. The study concluded that, the prison environment has negatively affected inmates and had proved dysfunctional for failing to reform inmates, serving as crime school and have encouraged recidivism among ex-offenders. The study recommended as follows: provisions of more skills acquisition facilities for inmates’ rehabilitations, the culture and lifestyles of inmates should be monitored by prison authority to engage in good conducts, discharge inmate should be well guided to avoid recidivism, and religion teachers should teach the inmates on moral ethics at all time to curb the rate of crime learning, among others.

This study investigated the impact of exchange rate fluctuation on economic development in Nigeria. the study adopted the expo facto research design to source aggregate data from Central Bank of Nigeria CBN statistical bulletin from 1984 to 2022. The data was analyzed using the Johansen co-integration test, serial correlation tests, Ramsey test, Unit Root Test ADF, and the Error Correction Mechanism ECM. The result showed that exchange rate reset have a positive significant impact on economic development in Nigeria. The result also showed that inflation and institutional quality has significant impact on exchange rate fluctuation in Nigeria, and that there exist bi-causality between exchange rate fluctuation and economic development in Nigeria. The study recommended that for small-scale enterprises to engage in raw materials processing for export
promotion, the government should provide incentives, such as loan subsidies and other forms of support. the government ought to support export-oriented policies in order to a positive exchange rate balance.

This study examines the impact of migrant remittances on aggregate demandinNigeria from 1990 to 2020, analyzing key economic variables such as migrant remittances (MGR), consumption (CON), investment (INV), population growthrate(PGR), interest rate (INTR), exchange rate (EXCR), and real gross domestic product (RGDP). Findings reveal a surprising negative relationship between migrant remittances andconsumption, contrasting with the positive correlation between populationgrowthrate and consumption, indicating the potential demographic dividend of Nigeria'syouthful population. Additionally, a positive correlation between real GDPandconsumption underscores the importance of sustainable economic growth. Moreover, the study identifies a positive relationship between migrant remittancesand investment, highlighting their role as a source of capital for investment inNigeria. These insights emphasize the need for nuanced policy approaches that considerfactors like exchange rates, interest rates, population growth, and economicdiversification. Policymakers should explore avenues to channel remittances intoproductive investments and prioritize initiatives supporting sustainable economicdevelopment to enhance living standards for Nigerians.