EFFECT OF HYDRO-METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE SEEDS OF AZANZA GARCKEANA ON LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTIONS OF WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Azanza garckeana is a plant species native to Africa that has been used in traditional medicine. Despite its widespread use, the potential toxicity of its extracts on vital organs like the liver and kidneys remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a hydro- methanolic extract from the seeds of Azanza garckeana on liver and kidney function parameters in male and female Wistar albino rats. The extract was administered orally at doses of 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg body weight, and various biomarkers were evaluated. For liver function, the study found no significant changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, and
conjugated bilirubin levels in both male and female rats across the treatment groups, suggesting no apparent hepatotoxicity at the tested doses. However, a significant increase in creatinine levels was observed at higher doses (300 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg) in both genders, indicating potential nephrotoxicity or impaired renal function. Other kidney function parameters, such as urea, sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels, did not show significant changes. In
conclusion, while the hydro-methanolic seed extract of Azanza garckeana did not affect liver function, caution should be exercised regarding its potential adverse effects on kidney function, particularly at higher doses. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential implications for human use.