PHOTON QUANTA

This project addresses the challenge of optimizing solar energy capture through the design and implementation of a single-axis solar tracking device. Traditional fixed solar panels are limited by their stationary nature, resulting in suboptimal energy harvesting as the sun moves across the sky. The research aims to develop a cost-effective, efficient solar tracking system that continuously adjusts panel orientation to follow the sun's path. The methodology involved evaluating multiple design concepts, including passive liquid-based trackers, Raspberry Pi-controlled systems, and an Arduino Nano-based solution with Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs). The final design utilized Arduino Nano microcontroller, servo motors, and LDRs to detect sunlight intensity and adjust panel orientation accordingly. Testing revealed that the tracking system outperformed stationary panels in energy output during an 8-hour evaluation period. The tracked panel maintained consistently higher voltage readings throughout the day. Challenges encountered included ambient light interference with sensors and software-related overtilting issues, which were addressed through design modifications. The study concludes that single-axis solar tracking represents a viable approach to enhancing solar energy efficiency, with recommended future improvements including more robust components, advanced tracking algorithms, dual-axis capabilities, and power supply optimization for increased durability and performance.