UNDERDEVELOPMENT

This study was designed to ascertain Impact of Primary Exports on Underdevelopment in Nigeria: A Case Study of Crude Oil. Five (4) research questions were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted a descriptive survey. The population for this study includes lecturers from the University of Benin. A total number of twenty (20) respondents comprising of lecturers from the departments of political science and economics, within the University of Benin were drawn from the population of the study using the purposive sampling technique which were used as the respondents for this study. Nineteen (19) out of the twenty distributed questionnaires were found valid and used for analysis. The research instrument for the study was a Questionnaire titled: Primary Products Export and Underdevelopment in Nigeria: A Case Study of Crude Oil (PPEUN:ACSCO), which was distributed to the respondents and collected immediately after completion from respondents. The simple percentage and mean score was used in computing the responses of the questionnaire items. To account for the reliability of the study, the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used which gave a value of 0.79. At the end of the study, the researcher found amongst others that crude oil export significantly boosts Nigeria's economic growth and development, and over-reliance on crude oil exports does not hinder the diversification of Nigeria's economy and contribute to underdevelopment. It was recommended amongst others that Federal Government of Nigeria should prioritize diversification of its revenue sources beyond crude oil export and also promote sectors like agriculture, manufacturing, and technology can reduce overreliance on oil revenues and create a more resilient economy and Government should encourage the growth of local industries and businesses within the oil sector in order to create jobs and retain more value within the Nigerian economy

The significant point of this study is to inspect the effect of dependence on sub Saharan Africa development regarding Nigeria viewpoint. It analyzed the serious issue of dependence in sub Saharan Africa. This study also looks at the significant areas of under development in sub Saharan Africa. The study hence adopts a qualitative descriptive methodology. It adopts one of the conventional techniques for gathering data, for example the secondary sources of information. A sizable portion of the secondary sources used came from both published and unpublished works, including materials taken from: Chronicles, Papers, conversations, Gathering papers, Magazines, Webs, Books, and Articles in diaries etc. and was looked at to make the discussion meaningful. The study's findings showed that successive issues like slavery, capitalism, colonialism, imperialism, and neo-colonialism reveal dependence and underdevelopment in Africa, including Nigeria. It ought to be noted, nonetheless, that the nations that are relying upon the west are generally impoverish nations of the third world, Nigeria is an example of underdeveloped poor nation and immature that relies upon the western world for choice and implementation of economic development policies of the west to her own detriment. However, the study concludes that African/Nigerian underdevelopment is brought about by the perpetual corruption imbedded in terrible administration that had perplexed African states since independence. The study however consequently suggests that Nigeria need great authority and successful administration of the bountiful Nigerian financial, economic assets, and that's only the tip of the iceberg so corruption ought to be battled with every one of the assets in the force of this country as she can't convey herself from dependence while corruption actually continues.