O. IYEKOWA

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) is a medicinal plant grown in different countries, including India, Africa, Thailand and Mexico. It is known as zobo in Nigeria, Jamaica flowers, Sorrel and Karkade (in Egypt), and is a member of the Malvaceae family. It can be used as a colorant for foods, flavoring for sauces, jellies, marmalades and soft drinks. The study researched the phytochemical constituents and acute toxicity profile of the ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa stem in mice. Phytochemical screening was done using standard and qualitative methods to identify the presence of bioactive compounds. The acute toxicity assessment followed OECD guidelines, where mice were given increasing doses of the extract, and mortality was recorded. The phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of Glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, and phenolic compounds, which
are known for their therapeutic benefits. The acute toxicity study showed no mortality at doses up to 1600 mg/kg, while a slight toxicity effect (16.66% mortality) was observed at 2900 mg/kg. These results suggest that the ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa stem is relatively safe at moderate doses and contains bioactive compounds that may contribute to its therapeutic potential.