Reservoir heterogeneity Porosity Permeability Fluid flow behavior Hydrocarbon recovery Petrophysical analysis Dykstra Parsons coefficient Geochemical techniques Strontium Residual Salt Analysis Sr RSA

Reservoir heterogeneity, characterized by spatial variation in rock properties such as porosity and permeability, is a defining feature of petroleum reservoirs that influences fluid flow behavior and hydrocarbon recovery. Traditional methods to quantify heterogeneity rely mainly on static petrophysical measurements and indices such as the Dykstra-Parsons coefficient, which provide numerical expressions of permeability variation but often lack dynamic insights into fluid connectivity and migration pathways. Recent advances have demonstrated the value of integrating geochemical techniques, notably Strontium Residual Salt Analysis (Sr-RSA), with permeability data to reveal subtle compartmentalization, fluid discontinuities, and internal flow barriers that directly impact sweep efficiency during secondary and tertiary recovery processes. This integrated approach facilitates a multidimensional characterization of reservoir architecture, enabling better prediction of fluid displacement patterns and optimization of injection and production strategies. Such insights are critical for improving hydrocarbon recovery efficiency and maximizing asset value. This study assesses the extent and impact of reservoir heterogeneity on sweep efficiency, employing both traditional petrophysical metrics and advanced geochemical fingerprinting to provide a comprehensive understanding of reservoir behavior. The findings aim to support enhanced reservoir characterization and guide strategic decisions in field development and enhanced oil recovery operations.