Awareness Computed Tomography Ionizing Radiation Patient Education Radiation Hazards Radiation Safety

Computed Tomography (CT) has become indispensable in modern diagnostics, yet it exposes patients to relatively high doses of ionizing radiation that may pose long-term health risks. This study assessed the level of knowledge and awareness of radiation hazards among patients undergoing CT examinations in selected diagnostic facilities within Benin City, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted, and data were collected from 200 respondents using a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The instrument contained sections on demographic characteristics, knowledge of CT radiation, and awareness of radiation-related health risks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. Findings revealed generally poor knowledge of CT-related radiation among patients. Only 28.5% correctly identified that CT employs ionizing radiation, while 32% recognized that CT delivers higher doses than conventional X-rays. Awareness of the ALARA principle was particularly low (14%). Although 42% of respondents acknowledged that radiation could have internal health effects, many were uncertain about cumulative exposure risks and the vulnerability of pregnant women and children. Chi-square analysis showed significant associations between knowledge and demographic factors such as age (p = 0.014), educational level (p = 0.001), and occupation (p = 0.034), while gender showed no significant relationship (p = 0.072). The study concludes that most CT patients in Benin City possess inadequate knowledge and limited awareness of radiation hazards, which could hinder informed decision-making and safe imaging practices. It recommends that radiographers and radiologists provide structured pre-examination counseling, strengthen patient-education programs, and adopt policy-based communication standards to improve radiation literacy