PALM FRUIT

Due to the numerous challenges associated with conventional small-scale palm fruit digesters, such as low processing efficiency, poor hygiene, high material losses, and susceptibility to corrosion, the aim of this project was to design, fabricate, and evaluate an improved vertical palm fruit digester capable of enhancing performance and durability in small- to medium- scale palm oil processing. The methodology adopted involved the design and construction of the digester using stainless steel to improve corrosion resistance and hygiene. Key components such as the digestion drum, shaft, and agitator were carefully fabricated and assembled to ensure efficient mixing and fruit maceration. Fresh palm fruit bunches were sourced, sterilized by boiling, and then processed in controlled batches of varying masses (7 kg, 9 kg, and 10 kg). The performance of the machine was evaluated based on digestion time, throughput capacity, and effectiveness of mesocarp breakdown, as well as the quality of sludge produced. The results obtained showed that the developed digester was capable of processing a total of 36 kg of boiled palm fruit in 1020 seconds, with digestion time increasing proportionally with batch size. The machine achieved an average throughput of approximately 127 kg/hr, demonstrating improved efficiency compared to traditional small-scale digesters. Additionally, the digester produced well-macerated mesocarp and uniform sludge, indicating effective fruit breakdown and improved potential for oil extraction. The use of stainless steel also eliminated corrosion issues observed in mild steel designs, thereby enhancing durability and operational hygiene. The developed vertical palm fruit digester offers a significant improvement in efficiency, reliability, and product quality, making it a viable solution for small-scale palm oil processors seeking increased productivity and reduced operational losses.