Ceramics dust Occupational exposure Wistar rats Larynx histology Respiratory toxicity Industrial dust Haematological parameters Biochemical parameters Inflammation Dose-dependent effects Hemoglobin White blood cell count Renal function

Exposure to industrial dust has been linked to respiratory and systemic toxicity. Ceramics dust, a common occupational contaminant, contains particulate matter that may induce structural and biochemical alterations. This study aimed to investigate the histological changes in the larynx and some haematological and biochemical parameters in adult Wistar rats following exposure to ceramics dust. Twenty-four (24) adult Wistar rats with weight ranging from 120–200g were grouped into four groups (A, B, C and D). The rats in Group A served as the control, the rats in Groups B were exposed to 5g of ceramics dust (low dose), the rats in Group C were exposed to 10g of ceramics dust (medium dose) and the rats in Group D were exposed to 20g of ceramics dust (high dose) for a duration of 1 hour daily for 30 days. At the end of the exposure period, rats were sacrificed, laryngeal tissues harvested for histological assessment, and blood samples collected for haematological and biochemical analyses, including RBC, WBC, hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, and bicarbonate levels. Histology revealed dose-dependent inflammatory infiltration in exposed groups. Haematological analysis showed dose-dependent decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit, with a more significant decrease in the WBC count of the high dust exposure (20g) when compared with the control group. Biochemical assessment indicated elevated urea levels and decreased bicarbonate levels, suggesting renal and systemic effects of ceramics dust. These findings indicate that ceramics dust exposure causes structural damage to the larynx and alters some haematological and biochemical parameters in Wistar rats. The study underscores the potential health risks of occupational ceramics dust exposure and highlights the need for protective interventions in industrial settings.