ADULT ALBINO RATS

In an effort to enhance sexual performance, some individuals resort to using aphrodisiac substances such as sildenafil (Viagra). This study was conducted to assess the effects of sildenafil on the heart and testicular tissues of adult albino rats. A total of 18 male albino rats, each weighing between 200g and 220g, were obtained from the animal house at Anatomy Department. The rats were randomly assigned into three groups (A, B, and C), with six rats per group. Group A served as the control and received only standard feed and water. Group B rats were administered sildenafil orally at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight, dissolved in saline, daily for four consecutive weeks. Group C rats received a higher dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for the same duration, followed by an additional four-week withdrawal period without treatment. Body weights were recorded at the beginning of the experiment (week 0) and on the final day prior to sacrifice. At the end of the experimental period, all animals were sacrificed, and tissue samples were processed for histological analysis. Serial tissue sections were cut at 5 µm thickness using a microtome and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Selected tissue sections were documented through photomicrography. Results indicated that the 10 mg/kg dose of sildenafil led to a notable increase in monocyte and granulocyte counts, while red blood cell levels decreased across the treated groups. Weight measurements revealed only minor differences between the control and sildenafil-treated groups after the four-week period. Histological examination of testicular tissues from the 10 mg/kg group showed mild necrosis in cardiac muscle fibers, seminiferous tubules, and interstitial tissues. Additional findings included vascular congestion, hypertrophy of Leydig cells, and degeneration of spermatogonial cells. These findings highlight the need for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms triggered by prolonged exposure to PDE5 inhibitors. Such research may guide the safer and more effective therapeutic use of aphrodisiacs, particularly when administered at lower doses and for shorter durations.