SELF-EFFICACY

Background: Stroke continues to be one of the world's leading causes of long-term disability and a major factor in the exclusion of working-age adults from the workforce. Although there is little data from Southern Nigeria, returning to work (RTW) following a stroke is a key sign of effective rehabilitation and reintegration.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the socio-demographic, clinical, and psychosocial determinants of return to work among stroke survivors in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.

Methods: 67 stroke survivors who were 18 years of age or older and undergoing physical therapy at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital and Edo Specialist Hospital participated in a cross-sectional study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive function, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for stroke severity, the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) for disability, the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) for functional ability, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) were among the standardised tools used. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the data, and Chi-square tests were employed for inferential statistics to ascertain the relationship between RTW and variables with p < 0.05.

Results: The majority of participants 50 (75%) returned to work following stroke. Significant associations were observed between RTW and age (χ² = 9.216, p = 0.027), cognitive function (χ² = 8.544, p = 0.014), disability level (χ² = 12.463, p = 0.002), self-efficacy (χ² = 10.138, p = 0.019), and social support (χ² = 9.804, p = 0.012). While gender, marital status, stroke type, stroke laterality, stroke severity, and self-esteem were not significantly related. Younger survivors with better cognitive and functional abilities and higher self-efficacy and social support were more likely to return to work.

Conclusion: Functional independence, cognitive capacity, and psychosocial factors such as self- efficacy and social support are critical to post-stroke work reintegration. Rehabilitation programs should integrate vocational training, psychological empowerment, and family support to improve RTW outcomes.

This study is focused on the self-efficacy as a factor influencing librarians’ use of cloud technologies for building collaborative libraries in Nigeria. Professional Librarians from university libraries in Edo and Delta States in Nigeria were used for this study. The specific purpose of the study was to identify the different cloud technologies used by librarians to build collaborative libraries in Nigeria, examining the level of use of the cloud technologies for building collaborative libraries in Nigeria, investigate the influence of self-efficacy on librarians’ use of cloud technologies for building collaborative libraries in Nigeria and to find out the problems facing the use of cloud technologies for building collaborative libraries in Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was employed for the study and a total of 120
copies of the questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and 100 questionnaires were retrieved and found usable, resulting to 83% response rate using a total enumeration sampling technique. The instrument for data collection that was used was the questionnaire, the instrument developed in accordance with the research questions were validated by the researcher`s supervisor. Analyses and discussion of data collected for this study were analyzed using descriptive statistics; frequency percentage. The study revealed that Amazon, Google Drive, Apple i-Cloud, I Drop-Box , Slack, Web-OPAC, Adobe Creative Cloud and Flicker are cloud technologies used by librarians to build collaborative libraries and the level of satisfaction derived from using cloud technologies for building collaborative libraries is very high. It was recommended among others that; University management should ensure that a power plant is installed in the library to ensure steady power supply as well as equip the library with reliable internet connectivity and technology devices enough for both staff and students and they should provide training program, workshops and seminars to improve staff skills on the use of cloud technologies for building collaborative libraries in Nigeria.