Economic migration

Polygamous households create unique communicative environments where language functions as a medium for expressing power, negotiating relationships, and reinforcing or challenging social order. This study examines patterns of language use among the four wives in the harem of Mr. Osaro Obaze in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The central problem addressed is the lack of sociolinguistic studies on domestic communication in Nigerian polygamous families, despite their prevalence. The main aim is to explore how language reflects hierarchy, rivalry, and cooperation in a multilingual family context. The research is guided by Dell Hymes’ Ethnography of Communication(THE SPEAKINGMODEL), which provides a framework for analyzing how speech events and communicative practices function within cultural settings. Data were collected through participant observation, interviews, and audio recordings of daily interactions and also spending time with the family. Findings reveal forty categories of language use, ranging from directive and competitive speech to collaborative and affectionate communication. The senior wife receives linguistic deference through honorifics, while strategic code-switching between Edo, Nigerian Pidgin English, and Standard English serves as a tool for inclusion, exclusion, and conflict negotiation. The study concludes that language in the harem is both a marker of hierarchy and a resource for managing relationships. It recommends further comparative research on language and gender in African polygamous households.

This research is focused on the Assessment of the factors influencing economic migration among Edo State youths. This study will examine the major factors and influence of migration. It also identified the challenges faced by Edo state deportees/returnees and the efficacy of social work intervention as well as potential ways in which social workers through them an date of social work can play a pivotal role in responding to these issues. The study through the data collected found out that diverse factors which from economic related to social factors such as household and peer pressure, including the growing impact of globalization on the Nigeria youth and strict immigration control by developed countries contribute as motivating factors and drivers of migration in Edo state. The results of the analysis shows that poverty, unemployment, influence of migrants' social networks, globalization and the problem of "get rich quick syndrome" as major factors of international migration. However, strategies and interventions, by way of an integrated approach, have been highlighted to combat it.