ANAEMIA

ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES AND PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA: AN INTERVENTION STUDY

Publisher / Conference Name
Sciendo
Author(s)
John Esimaje Moyegbone
Abstract / Summary
Anaemia being a condition of low levels of haemoglobin in the blood is a public health problem that affects approximately 1.3 to 2.2 billion people worldwide. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and its association with anthropometric measurements among school children in Delta State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was a pretest-postest study of 201 primary school (age 6-12 years) and secondary school (age 13-19 years) respondents randomly selected from primary and secondary schools in the three senatorial districts of Delta State. Eighty-three (41.3%) males and 118 (58.7%) females with a mean age of $12.30\pm3.14$ years were enrolled in the study. The preventive intervention protocol consisted of a single dose of vitamin A, daily vitamin C, weekly vitamin E, and twice weekly ferrous sulphate supplements administered for five weeks. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected. Assessment of anaemia was done by pretest-postest haemoglobin determination. Results: The prevalence of anaemia at baseline was 38.3% and 0% post-intervention. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, and thinness at baseline were 7.0%, 14.3% and 15.0%, respectively, and post-intervention were 5.5%, 8.7% and 8.5%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight at baseline and post-intervention was 5.0%. The correlation between anaemia and underweight was $r = -0.399$, $p = 0.005$. The correlation between anaemia and body mass index was $r = -0.234$, $p < 0.001$. Conclusion: Nutritional deficiency could cause anaemia among school children. However, intake of antioxidant vitamins and iron might help to reduce the burden.
Year of Publication
2024
Publication Type
Journal Article
Keyword(s)
ANAEMIA
Haemoglobin
Malnutrition
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
vitamins

EXPRESSION OF CYCLOOXYGENASE-1GENE IN ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE-INDUCEDANAEMIAINALBINOWISTARRATSTREATED WITHAQUEOUSLEAVESEXTRACTOFIcacinatrichantha

Submitted by Nosa Igho-Osagie on
Author(s)
OLAWOLE,BLESSING FUNMILOLA
Faculty
SCHOOL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES
Department
Department of Medical Laboratory Science
Year of Publication
2025
Keyword
CYCLOOXYGENASE
GENE
ANAEMIA
Wistar Rats
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BLESSING'S Project .pdf
Publication Type
Undergraduate Project
Abstract
Icacina trichantha, known for their medicinal use possessing bioactive compounds with anti inflammatory and hematopoietic properties, offer promises for novel treatments. This study explores the effect of the aqueous leave extract on Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) expression to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving its therapeutic action. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of Icacina trichantha aqueous leaves extract on Cyclooxygenase 1 expression in Aluminum Chloride-Induced Anaemia in Albino Wistar Rats. A total of sixty (60) adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into six (6) groups; A, B, C, D, E and F representing control, aluminum chloride group, ferrous sulphate group, aluminum chloride + 100mg/kg leaf extract of Icacina trichantha, aluminum chloride + 200mg/kg leaf extract of Icacina trichantha and aluminum chloride + 400mg/kg leaf extract of Icacina trichantha groups respectively. 5 milliliters (ml) of blood sample was drawn from each rat, and haematological parameters and mRNA of COX-1 were determined using a SRFI Haematology autoanalyzer and polymerase chain reaction respectively. Data obtained was analyzed using the GraphPad prism 8.02 software.The comparison of Haematological parameters amongst the study groups showed that there was no significant difference in Total white blood cell count (TWBC μL) across the groups. Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) was significantly lower in group E (8.96±0.27) when compared to group D (10.6±0.31) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in other platelet parameters across the groups. Group C and D showed significantly lower expressions of COX-1 when compared to group B (p<0.05).Group C, D and E had significantly lower expression of COX-1 when compared to group F (p < 0.05). Groups E had significantly higher expressions of COX-1 when compared to group A, and significantly lower expression when compared to group B (p<0.05). Groups F had significantly higher expressions of COX-1 when compared to group A (p<0.05). In conclusion, administration of aluminum chloride resulted in no significant difference in white blood cell counts. There was also no alteration in platelet parameters, except PDWwhich showed slight difference. Administration of leaf extract of Icacina trichantha led to
alteration in the gene expression of COX-1.
Supervisor(s)
P.AOBAZELU
co-supervisor
NIL
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