SCHOOL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCE COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

This study was aimed to determine the perceived effects of night shift on nurses' physical, psycho-social health and work performance in selected health institutions Edo State. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional research design and convenience sampling method was used to select one hundred and sixty-nine nurses in Central Hospital and Faith Mediplex Hospital, Benin City, Edo State. A well- structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Simple frequency and percentage were used to describe the data, while chi-square was used to test the hypotheses. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The analysis was performed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0 for windows. The result showed that majority of the respondents perceived night shift to have effect on their physical, psycho-social health and work performance in Central Hospital and Faith Mediplex Hospital, Benin City, Edo State. According to the results, It shows that 135(79.0%%)nurses agreed that night shift had negative on their physical health while 34(20.1%)nurses agreed that night shift had positive effect on their physical health. It shows that 124(73.4%%) nurses agreed that night shift had negative on their psychological health, while 45(26.6%)nurses agreed that night shift had positive effect on their psychological health. It shows that 117(69.2%%)nurses agreed that night shift had negative on their social health, while 52(30.8%)nurses agreed that night shift had positive effect on their social health and lastly, It shows that 135(79.9%%)nurses agreed that night shift had negative on their work performance., while 34(20.1%)nurses agreed that night shift had positive effect on their work performance. Also, sociodemographic characteristics namely sex, marital Status, educational qualification, years of experience, and religion were significantly associated with nurses’ physical health and psychological health; years of experience, cadre, ethnic group and religion was significantly associated with nurses social health. All sociodemographic variables except religion were significantly associated with nurses work performance. This study therefore, recommended that there is need for Institutions to make concerted efforts to ensure that the effect of night shift on nurses' physical, psycho-social health and work performance is assessed and taken care of as their health is important in delivery of quality care to patients.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder with variable airway obstruction and bronchial hyper-responsiveness that results in recurrent episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath in asthmatics. Asthma is caused by heterogenic gene-environment interactions that are not fully understood.

Chest x-ray remains a major tool for the diagnosis and management of many diseases ravaging mankind. The aim of this study is to assess the chest x-ray requests and findings in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Edo. A retrospective study of 1,624 patients who underwent chest x-ray examination at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Edo. The results showed that more females, (58%, n = 943) were referred for chest x-ray than the males, (42%, n = 681). The highest indication for chest x-rays in the University of Benin Teaching Hospital is Other, (47%, n = 762). Patients between the age bracket of (36– 50) have the highest referral for chest x-ray. Most of the chest x-ray referrals are from GPC (33% n = 542). More than half of the chest x-ray referrals (65.1%, n = ) appear radiologically normal while the remainder (34.9%, n = 174) were abnormal. The chest radiographs of 100% of those for medical exam/Routine check appeared radiologically normal. In conclusion, conventional chest x-ray remains the primary diagnostic tool for most diseases of the chest region. However appropriate clinical diagnosis should always be conducted to reduce the number of normal chest-x-rays diagnosed. Routine chest X-rays should be discouraged as they almost amount to unnecessary irradiation of patients with low diagnostic yield.

There has been a notable increase in the use of herbal medicine over the past twenty years. Moreover, there is still a tremendous lap of proper research data in the field of traditional herbal medicine. Enantiachloranthais a plant belonging to the Annonacoae family. Its common name is Africa Yellow Wood. It contains some phytochemicals which confer anti-diabetic properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-diabetic and anti- inflammatory effects ofEnantiachlorantha stem bark on STZ induced type 2 diabetes in adult wistar rats. Forty-nine (49) male Wister rats of 170-180g weight were used for this experiment. They were grouped into seven groups; Group 1 (Normal control), Group 2 (HFD+STZ), Group 3(HFD+STZ+ metformin 500mg/kg bwt), Group 4 (HFD +STZ+ 200mg/kg bwt crude hydro-ethanol extract), Group 5 (HFD + STZ+ 400mg/kg bwt crude hydro-ethanol extract), Group 6 (HFD + STZ+ 200mg/kg bwt ethyl-acetate fraction),Group 7 (HFD+STZ+ 400mg/kg bwt ethyl-acetate fraction). The results showed a marked decrease in blood glucose level in thr treated groups. Rats administered the extract crude and ethyl acetate fractions showed high expression ofNrf-2.In group 4, at 200 mg/kg body weight of thereextract crude and ethyl acetate fractions was increased activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme.This study concluded that Enantiachloranthahas positive anti-diabetic and anti- inflammatory effects.