Larvicidal efficacy of Coconut Fruit Fiber (Cocos nucifera L.) and Pineapple peels (Ananas comosus L.) Extracts on 3rd instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitos.
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Abstract
The over use of synthetic insecticides for mosquito control, contaminates natural ecosystem and its inhabitants. Botanical resources are promising alternatives for pests and vector control due to their environmental compatibility, high biodegradability, target specificity, and zero resistance culture. Therefore this study investigated the larvicidal potency of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Cocos nucifera fiber (CNF), Ananas comosus peels (ACP) and their synergy of 1:1 mixture against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae. Qualitative phytochemistry of both plants were examined. Cx. quinquefasciatus 3rd instar larvae were subjected to different concentrations of 500ppm, 750ppm and 1000ppm for 24, 48 and 72hrs exposure time. Data was analysed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Phytochemical constituents revealed alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and steroids present in equal strength in ethanolic CNF and ACP, Presence of flavonoids and Glycosides were both common in aqueous CNF and ACP. At 1000ppm (ECNF) extracts and (EACP) showed percentage mortality of 46.67% and 33.33% after 72hrs. Synergistic ethanoic extracts showed 53.33% mortality and 30% for the aqueous extracts under same conditions. The ethanolic combination of CNF and ACP recorded the lowest LC50; 983.99ppm and LC90; 1703.40ppm. While ethanolic ACP had the highest LC50; 8676.96ppm, aqueous ACP had highest LC90; 272866.3ppm respectively. There was significant mortality P<0.05 at 48 and 72hrs in (ECNF) and (EACP). The ethanolic synergistic extracts showed highest significant mortality P<0.05 at 48hrs of exposure. Results of synergistic CNF and ACP showed fair mortality on Culex
quinquefasciatus larvae.
quinquefasciatus larvae.
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