FACULTY OF SPESSE

Social isolation among older adults has emerged as a significant public health concern globally. The Study indicates that elevated levels of social isolation correlate with negative health outcomes, including increased death rates and mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety. In Nigeria, older adults are particularly vulnerable to social isolation due to globalization and industrialization and migration of family member that adversely affect their well-being. This study examines the impact of social isolation on the well-being of older adults in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State, using phenomenological research design. Twenty one Respondents aged 65 years and above were purposively selected. Data gathered was analysed using thematic and content analyses Findings reveal that social isolation adversely affects multiple dimensions of older adults' lives, including their social interactions, mental health, physical health, and overall quality of life. The study equally reveal that. Older adult in Egor are at risk of social isolation because of some prevailing situations that revolve around their well-being, and such pathetic situations have contributed to their vulnerability. The study recommends establishment of local community centres or social clubs specifically for older persons, where they can engage in regular social, recreational, and educational activities. These programmes can reduce feelings of loneliness and enhance emotional well-being by fostering a sense of belonging and social connection.

Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is fundamental to public health, gender equity, and sustainable development and is central to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 6 and SDG 5. Despite sustained investments in Nigeria, persistent gender and social inclusion gaps continue to disproportionately affect women, persons with disabilities (PWDs), and other vulnerable groups. This study assessed gender and social inclusion in WASH service delivery in selected communities in Edo State, Nigeria, by evaluating access levels and determinants of equitable access. A descriptive cross-sectional mixed-methods design was employed. Data were collected from 371 household respondents across 12 communities using structured questionnaires, Focus Group Discussions, and Key Informant Interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, while qualitative data were analysed thematically, with WASH access assessed using a composite scoring system based on WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme standards. Results showed universal access to basic water sources, but weak sanitation and hygiene: over 85% of facilities were basic or limited, and only 30% of households had functional handwashing facilities with water and soap. Fewer than 10% of communities had PWD- accessible facilities, and women’s participation was similarly low. Disability status, education level, and residence were significant determinants of equitable access (OR = 6.07; p = 0.025). The study concludes that strengthening gender-responsive planning, disability- sensitive infrastructure, and community participation is essential for equitable and sustainable WASH outcomes.

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