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Abstract
Voter participation is vital to democratic stability in Nigeria, yet declining engagement poses a threat to effective governance. This study argues that revitalising democratic institutions, norms, and infrastructure requires greater citizen involvement before, during, and after elections. It investigates five core questions: the factors driving voter apathy, citizens’ attitudes toward voting, their awareness of political developments, the motivations behind disengagement, and the broader impact of apathy on democratic consolidation. Using a survey of fifty respondents analysed with simple percentages, the study finds that trust in the electoral process is central to participation. A transparent and impartial electoral body was widely viewed as key to ensuring free and fair elections. Conversely, fraud and manipulation by political parties were cited as major causes of low turnout during the 2023 General Elections. Respondents also identified inadequate voter education as a driver of electoral malpractice, while rampant vote-buying further erodes public confidence. To address these challenges, the study recommended comprehensive voter education to enhance civic awareness of rights and responsibilities. Informed citizens are more likely to resist corruption and hold leaders accountable. Stricter regulation of political financing is also necessary to curb the influence of money in politics. Ultimately, tackling voter apathy at every stage of the electoral cycle is essential for building credible elections and achieving democratic consolidation in Nigeria.
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