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Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder that
primarily affects women of reproductive age and is characterized by a group of
symptoms, including chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Beyond its metabolic and reproductive abnormalities, PCOS has also been shown to influence hematological parameters.This study investigated the influence of simvastatin and metformin on some hematological parameters in PCOS induced rats; red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Twenty five (25) female Sprague-Dawley rats, were used for this study. The rats were acclimatized for a total of two (2) weeks, then weighed and randomly assigned into five (5) groups of five (5) rats each (n=5). Group 1:(-ve control) without PCOS induction, Group 2:(+ve control) induced with PCOS without treatment, Group 3:PCOS + simvastatin, Group 4:PCOS + metformin, Group 5:PCOS + simvastatin +metformin. PCOS was induced by administration of letrozole at 1mg/kg body weight for 28 days after which, the PCOS animals were treated with simvastatin and metformin for a period of 28 days. All drugs were administered using oral gavage. At the end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized using chloroform, and blood was obtained through cardiac puncture, placed in a EDTA bottle, and analyzed for hematological parameters using an automated hematology analyzer. Statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism version 10.0. Data obtained were expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Statistical comparisons among experimental groups were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test to determine significance between groups. A p-value less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) was considered statistically significant. Results showed that PCOS caused a slight, non-significant increase in RBC, Hb, and HCT levels compared to the control group. Metformin treatment increased hemoglobin and hematocrit values, while simvastatin mainly increased MCV and MCH. The combination of both drugs produced the best overall improvement, suggesting a stronger positive effects when used together. MCHC values remained stable in all groups. The present study demonstrates that letrozole induced PCOS in female Sprague-Dawley rats produced alterations in some hematological indices, which were significantly improved following treatment with simvastatin and metformin, either alone or in combination. In conclusion, simvastatin and metformin maybe described as a reasonable therapeutic strategy in the management of PCOS.
primarily affects women of reproductive age and is characterized by a group of
symptoms, including chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Beyond its metabolic and reproductive abnormalities, PCOS has also been shown to influence hematological parameters.This study investigated the influence of simvastatin and metformin on some hematological parameters in PCOS induced rats; red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Twenty five (25) female Sprague-Dawley rats, were used for this study. The rats were acclimatized for a total of two (2) weeks, then weighed and randomly assigned into five (5) groups of five (5) rats each (n=5). Group 1:(-ve control) without PCOS induction, Group 2:(+ve control) induced with PCOS without treatment, Group 3:PCOS + simvastatin, Group 4:PCOS + metformin, Group 5:PCOS + simvastatin +metformin. PCOS was induced by administration of letrozole at 1mg/kg body weight for 28 days after which, the PCOS animals were treated with simvastatin and metformin for a period of 28 days. All drugs were administered using oral gavage. At the end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized using chloroform, and blood was obtained through cardiac puncture, placed in a EDTA bottle, and analyzed for hematological parameters using an automated hematology analyzer. Statistical analysis was conducted using GraphPad Prism version 10.0. Data obtained were expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). Statistical comparisons among experimental groups were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test to determine significance between groups. A p-value less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) was considered statistically significant. Results showed that PCOS caused a slight, non-significant increase in RBC, Hb, and HCT levels compared to the control group. Metformin treatment increased hemoglobin and hematocrit values, while simvastatin mainly increased MCV and MCH. The combination of both drugs produced the best overall improvement, suggesting a stronger positive effects when used together. MCHC values remained stable in all groups. The present study demonstrates that letrozole induced PCOS in female Sprague-Dawley rats produced alterations in some hematological indices, which were significantly improved following treatment with simvastatin and metformin, either alone or in combination. In conclusion, simvastatin and metformin maybe described as a reasonable therapeutic strategy in the management of PCOS.
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