THE IMPACT OF THE PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP ON THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE MATURITY IN UPPER SAKPONBA, IKPOBA OKHA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

This study examined the impact of parent–child relationships on psychological and cognitive maturity among adolescents in Upper Sakponba, Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area, Edo State. The main objectives were to investigate how parental communication, emotional support, discipline, and socio-economic background influence the mental, emotional, and intellectual development of adolescents. The study was anchored on four theoretical frameworks: Attachment Theory, Ecological Systems Theory, Social Learning Theory, and Cognitive Development Theory. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Data were collected from a sample of adolescents and parents using structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using frequency tables and simple percentages to determine the extent to which parent–child interactions affect adolescents’ psychological and cognitive growth. The findings revealed that supportive, affectionate, and communicative parenting promotes emotional stability, confidence, and intellectual independence among adolescents. Conversely, neglect, poor communication, and harsh disciplinary practices were found to hinder psychological adjustment and cognitive development. The study concludes that a positive parent–child relationship plays a vital role in fostering both psychological and cognitive maturity in adolescents. It is recommended that parents adopt democratic and empathetic parenting styles, maintain open communication with their children, and provide consistent emotional and moral guidance. Furthermore, community-based programs and governmental policies should focus on parent education and family support to strengthen the overall well-being of adolescents.