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Abstract
This study evaluated the many waste streams produced at the University of Benin and its teaching hospital in Benin City, Nigeria. Additionally, it evaluated the health risks related to the heavy metal concentrations in the soil around the waste
dumps. Each of the waste dumps on the campus and hospital undergo waste characterization through material type sorting. The findings demonstrate that the waste produced has the potential to be recycled if it is separated, and it also demonstrate that Cadmium (Cd) is above the permissible limit of WHO (1996), FEPA (1991) and US EPA (2002) in refuse dumps 5, 8 and 9 which is 0.8 mg/kg, 1 mg/ kg and 0.48 mg/ kg respectively. The ten sampled sites has cadmium concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 2.70 mg/kg, with a mean of 0.49 + 0.810mg/kg. In refuse dump 5, the Zinc concentration was higher than the
50mg/kg acceptable limit established by WHO (1996). Chromium (Cr) concentrations in the ten sampled sites are higher than the permissible limit which is 0.20 mg/kg, according to the FEPA (1991) guideline. It’s concentration ranges from 1.70 mg/ kg to 8.05 mg/ kg with a mean of 4.28 + 2.23 mg/ kg in the ten sampled sites. The lead (Pb) threshold set by FEPA (1991) is 0.05 mg/ kg and it shows that the concentration of lead in refuse dumps 4, 8 and 10 exceed the threshold. Manganese was the metal with the highest concentrations with a range of 26.10 to 124.40 mg/ kg and a mean of 64.5 + 34.73 mg/ kg which was above the permissible limit of WHO (2004) and FEPA (1991) which are 12 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/ kg respectively.
dumps. Each of the waste dumps on the campus and hospital undergo waste characterization through material type sorting. The findings demonstrate that the waste produced has the potential to be recycled if it is separated, and it also demonstrate that Cadmium (Cd) is above the permissible limit of WHO (1996), FEPA (1991) and US EPA (2002) in refuse dumps 5, 8 and 9 which is 0.8 mg/kg, 1 mg/ kg and 0.48 mg/ kg respectively. The ten sampled sites has cadmium concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 2.70 mg/kg, with a mean of 0.49 + 0.810mg/kg. In refuse dump 5, the Zinc concentration was higher than the
50mg/kg acceptable limit established by WHO (1996). Chromium (Cr) concentrations in the ten sampled sites are higher than the permissible limit which is 0.20 mg/kg, according to the FEPA (1991) guideline. It’s concentration ranges from 1.70 mg/ kg to 8.05 mg/ kg with a mean of 4.28 + 2.23 mg/ kg in the ten sampled sites. The lead (Pb) threshold set by FEPA (1991) is 0.05 mg/ kg and it shows that the concentration of lead in refuse dumps 4, 8 and 10 exceed the threshold. Manganese was the metal with the highest concentrations with a range of 26.10 to 124.40 mg/ kg and a mean of 64.5 + 34.73 mg/ kg which was above the permissible limit of WHO (2004) and FEPA (1991) which are 12 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/ kg respectively.
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