ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING SELF CARE AND BEHAVIORAL LIFESTYLE PRACTICES AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENT ATTENDING UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL

This study assessed factors affecting self-care and behavioral lifestyle practices among hypertensive patients, focusing on socio-demographic profiles, self-care practices, behavioral lifestyle patterns, and influencing factors. The increasing prevalence of hypertension highlights the need for effective management strategies emphasizing patient self-care and lifestyle modifications. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 205 hypertensive patients selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Descriptive statistics and mean scores were utilized to evaluate self-care and behavioral lifestyle practices, while inferential statistics identified significant influencing factors. The study revealed that 79.5% of participants demonstrated good self-care practices, with high adherence to health monitoring (79.5%), dietary management (99%), and healthcare attendance (79.5%). However, mental health self-care and moderate-intensity physical activity showed lower adherence rates. Behavioral lifestyle assessment indicated positive practices in physical activity (98.5%), hydration (80.5%), and social engagement (97%), but challenges in stress management (98%) and sleep quality (95.1%). Financial constraints (97.1%), psychological factors (95.6%), and limited access to healthy food options (93.6%) were identified as primary barriers to optimal behavioral lifestyles. The findings highlight a generally positive engagement in self-care and behavioral practices among hypertensive patients, supported by health education and healthcare accessibility. However, notable gaps in mental health care, stress management, and sleep hygiene require targeted interventions. The study underscores the need for comprehensive hypertension management programs that address identified barriers. Interventions should include financial support mechanisms, improved mental health resources, stress reduction programs, and public health policies promoting food accessibility. Further research is recommended to evaluate longterm outcomes of lifestyle modifications and develop tailored interventions for specific demographic groups.